Hauv lub neej niaj hnub, kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev ntim khoom noj thiab zaub mov tau ntev tau lees paub los ntawm ntau txhiab tsev neeg. Txawm nyob rau hauv khw muag khoom, khw muag khoom, los yog nyob rau hauv txhua lub tsev, zoo nkauj tsim, tswv yim thiab yooj yim ntim zaub mov tuaj yeem pom nyob txhua qhov chaw. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog seb nws yuav zoo li cas yog tias zaub mov tsis ntim khoom xa tuaj rau txhua tus neeg siv khoom.
Qhov tseeb, kev ntim khoom noj zoo ib yam li cov ris tsho hauv qab ntawm cov zaub mov, nws yog txheej txheem kawg ntawm kev lag luam khoom noj niaj hnub. Nws tsis tsuas yog ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab kev txhawb nqa zaub mov, tab sis kuj tseem pab txhawb kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los thiab muag khoom noj. Rau qhov loj, ntim khoom noj tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm cov zaub mov thiab yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj rau cov khoom noj zoo.
1. Cov ntaub ntawv ntim khoom
Cov seem ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo hauv cov ntim khoom noj feem ntau yog los ntawm cov khoom ntim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov inks thiab cov kuab tshuaj uas muaj cov khoom siv phom sij xws li benzene, n-hexane, thiab halogenated hydrocarbons ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm ntim thiab luam ntawv. Ntxiv mus, xws li inks thiab cov kuab tshuaj nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem tshuaj kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab mob lom ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, uas tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau kev sib koom tes ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev tswj hwm, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv zej zog.
Cov khoom ntim khoom noj feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom siv polymer xws li polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, thiab polyamide. Cov khoom ntim no qhia qhov sib txawv zoo vim lawv cov qauv molecular sib txawv, txheej txheem molding thiab ntxiv cov khoom ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg tsim khoom noj khoom haus xaiv cov khoom ntim uas haum rau lawv cov khoom, txwv tsis pub muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov yuav tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, vim cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, lub txee lub neej ntawm cov kua mis yuav luv luv los yog ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub sijhawm luv luv. Rau cov ntaub qhwv yas, yog tias tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm huab cua permeability, qhov tshiab ntawm cov zaub tsis tuaj yeem lav. Lub peev xwm raug mob ntawm PVC cling zaj duab xis nws tus kheej rau tib neeg lub cev feem ntau yog los ntawm ob yam: thawj, cov seem ntawm cov yas chloride monomer nyob rau hauv PVC cling zaj duab xis tshaj tus qauv; Thib ob, DEHA plasticizer yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntxiv ntawm PVC cling zaj duab xis, uas raug rau cov roj lossis cua sov. Thaum noj, DEHA tau yooj yim tso tawm thiab muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv tom qab nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev nrog zaub mov.
Bisphenol A yog ib yam tshuaj uas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom ntim khoom noj khoom haus, nrog rau hauv cov tin tuaj yeem ua cov txheej sab hauv thiab cov nplaum. Bisphenol A nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntim yas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov zaub mov tom qab cua sov, thiab nws muaj qhov ua haujlwm zoo li estrogen. Tsis ntev tas los no, cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas tau tshawb pom los ntawm kev sim tsiaj txhu uas bisphenol A tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov poj niam.
2. Printing number case
Ntxiv rau qhov kev sib txuas lus dav dav nrog lub substrate thiab hnav tsis kam, cov khoom ntim cov yeeb yaj kiab kuj xav tau cov kua nplaum tiv thaiv kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab ua kom kub hnyiab, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kom khov thiab kub kub kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tuaj yeem siv thaum thauj thiab khaws cia. Ink yuav tsis poob los yog condense.
Cov tub ceev xwm Italian cuam tshuam tau pom cov lej ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb yaj kiab photosensitive isopropylthiaxantrone hauv Nestlé cov mis mos tom qab kuaj thiab kuaj. Cov khoom no tau muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luam ntawm tus menyuam lub thawv ntim mis nyuj, thiab nws yuav yog ib tus lej ntawm tus number case nkag mus rau hauv tus menyuam cov mis nyuj. Kuj tseem muaj xwm txheej nyob rau hauv Suav teb ntawm kev luam ntawv number case paug zaub mov. Xyoo 2005, lub Hoobkas khoom noj hauv Gansu tau tshawb pom tias cov qos yaj ywm chips nws tsim tau muaj zog, tsis hnov tsw txawv. Lub Hoobkas tam sim ntawd rov qab tag nrho ntau dua 600 lub thawv ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas tau muag rau hauv khw. Tom qab kuaj los ntawm Chemistry Laboratory ntawm Lanzhou University, nws ntseeg tau tias cov ntxhiab tsw txawv txawv los ntawm benzene hauv cov ntawv luam ntawv ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus yog kwv yees li peb npaug ntawm lub teb chaws tso cai. Yog tias qhov seem ntawm benzene ntau dhau tus qauv, nws yuav ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab kab mob hauv cov ntshav.
Tam sim no, feem ntau inks lawv tus kheej muaj benzene thiab tsuas yog diluted nrog tov cov kuab tshuaj uas muaj toluene. Yog tias cov tuam txhab siv pheej yig toluene nrog qis purity thaum tsim cov hnab ntim khoom noj, qhov teeb meem ntawm benzene residue yuav hnyav dua. Qhov teeb meem yog tias txawm hais tias cov qauv tsim muaj kev txwv rau cov ntsiab lus benzene ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom noj, nws nyuaj rau cov tuam txhab kom ua tiav cov kev txwv. Yog vim li cas yog tias tus nqi ntawm kev kuaj benzene yog qhov siab heev, nrog rau kev kuaj pob nqi ntau dua 1,000 yuan.
3. Printing accessories
Kev ntim khoom noj thiab luam ntawv muaj kuab paug tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom noj muaj kuab paug thib ob. Benzene, uas tau ntev tau lees paub tias yog cov carcinogen, tam sim no tsuas yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj rau cov khoom ntim khoom sib xyaw thiab cov ntawv luam ntawv yas. Vim tias tsis tiav evaporation ntawm benzene cov kuab tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv, benzene tshuaj yuav nyob twj ywm hauv cov khoom ntim. Thaum lub sij hawm ntim khoom noj, cov tshuaj benzene nkag mus rau hauv cov zaub mov, ua rau cov zaub mov tsis huv.
Raws li kev txheeb cais, xyoo 2004, ntawm cov yas inks rau zaub mov thiab tshuaj ntim khoom tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab loj hauv kuv lub teb chaws, cov ntsiab lus ntawm chlorinated polypropylene inks siv rau BOPP zaj duab xis luam ntawv suav txog ntau dua 60%, thiab cov kuab tshuaj kuab tshuaj thiab diluting. Cov kuab tshuaj ntawm cov kab ke no Cov ntsiab lus ntawm benzene cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau suav txog li 50%, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv xwb, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kuv lub teb chaws kev lag luam ntim khoom noj thiab txawm tias tag nrho cov khoom noj khoom haus. Cov benzene hnyav ntxiv nyob rau hauv lub ntim yog yooj yim adsorbed los ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv lub ntim, ua rau cov zaub mov paug. Txawm hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov toluene hnyav tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm ziab cov benzene-soluble number case thaum luam ntawv, vim muaj zog adsorption ntawm pigments nyob rau hauv tus number case, residues tseem yog ib qho yooj yim tshwm sim.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2006, ntawm lub rooj sib tham txog kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom noj khoom haus uas tuav los ntawm Lub Tuam Txhab Ntim Khoom ntawm Tuam Tshoj Ntim Federation, cov neeg sawv cev koom tau pom zoo tias qhov xwm txheej kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom ntim khoom noj khoom haus yas hauv kuv lub tebchaws yog qhov hnyav heev, thiab ntau yam khoom noj. yas ntim cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam yog ib qho nyuaj rau ua raws li lub teb chaws cov kev cai rau zaub mov kev nyab xeeb, huv si thiab ib puag ncig tiv thaiv. Benzene cov kuab tshuaj muaj tshuaj lom heev. Yog tias lawv nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij lossis ntshav, lawv yuav ua rau tib neeg cov ntshav txaus ntshai thiab ua haujlwm hematopoietic, ua rau tib neeg lub paj hlwb puas tsuaj, thiab ua rau mob qog ntshav ntshav. US FDA teev nws ua cov tshuaj carcinogenic. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws tsim xws li Tebchaws Meskas, Western Europe thiab Nyij Pooj, nws tau txwv tsis pub siv cov kuab tshuaj benzene hauv cov zaub mov ntim thiab luam ntawv. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, peb lub teb chaws tsis muaj kev cai meej txog tam sim no. Hauv kev tsim cov ntawv ntim khoom noj thiab lub hnab ntim khoom, benzene (toluene, xylene) cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj rau inks thiab adhesives. Tsis muaj kev tswj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas. Nws tau mus txog lub ntsiab lus uas cov tuam haujlwm tseem ceeb yuav tsum ua lawv lub siab los tswj hwm qhov no.
4. txheej txheem luam ntawv
Cov hnab ntim khoom noj tam sim no hauv peb lub tebchaws yog cov ntawv sau gravure. Ntau lub hnab ntim khoom noj uas pom hauv khw muag khoom, suav nrog biscuits, pastries, mis hmoov thiab lwm yam ntim, yog cov ntawv luam tawm nrog chlorinated polypropylene inks. Feem ntau ntawm lawv. Feem ntau lub tebchaws hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas siv flexo luam ntawv. Flexo luam ntawv yog me ntsis qis rau gravure luam ntawv nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm dot kev ua tau zoo thiab luam ntawv zoo, tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg technologies xws li flexo luam ntawv yog tsis heev txais nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Vim tias flexo luam ntawv siv txoj cai luam ntawv embossed, piv nrog gravure luam ntawv nrog cov roj hnyav thiab cov xim hnyav, cov xim pleev xim tsawg dua, thinner, thiab cov xim xim tsis siab heev. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm brightness, nws tsis ci li gravure printing.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, vim muaj cov khoom tsis zoo uas tseem tshuav hauv cov ntim khoom noj, kev sib kis ntawm cov khoom noj thiab tshuaj lom tau tshwm sim ntau zaus, uas tau coj ntau yam tsis zoo rau kev tsim kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2004, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev soj ntsuam random ntawm cov ntim khoom noj (zaj duab xis), uas qhia tau hais tias, ntxiv rau cov hnab yas dav dav, qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom noj tshwj xeeb yog siab li. 15%. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, qhov kev xeem dhau ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom hauv ntau qhov chaw feem ntau tsis tshua muaj, nrog tus nqi dhau ntawm tsuas yog 50%-60%. Cov neeg koom nrog yuav tsum ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshawb fawb txog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab cov txheej txheem rau inks, adhesives, luam ntawv, thiab kev ua cov khoom sib xyaw kom sai li sai tau los tsim cov khoom ntim khoom noj muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo ib puag ncig.